Skip to main content
Liability & Fault

What is Last Clear Chance?

A legal doctrine that allows a negligent plaintiff to recover damages if the defendant had the last clear opportunity to avoid the accident but failed to do so.

Understanding Last Clear Chance

The last clear chance doctrine is primarily used in contributory negligence jurisdictions as an exception to the harsh rule that any plaintiff negligence bars recovery. If the plaintiff can show that despite their own negligence, the defendant had the final opportunity to prevent the harm and failed to act, the plaintiff may still recover. This doctrine is less relevant in comparative negligence states.

Examples

  • 1Jaywalking pedestrian struck by driver who saw them but failed to brake
  • 2Stalled car on highway hit by driver who had time to change lanes
  • 3Trespasser on tracks struck by train that had time to stop
Last updated: January 24, 2026
Reviewed by: Quilia Legal Content Team

Help Your Clients Understand Their Case

Quilia makes it easy to communicate complex legal concepts to your clients.